Driver Direct vs. Geared Rotary servomotor: Ƙididdigar fa'idar ƙira: Sashe na 1

Makasudin Koyo

• Tsarukan servo rotary na duniya na gaskiya sun gaza yin aiki mai kyau saboda gazawar fasaha.
• Yawancin nau'ikan servomotors na rotary na iya ba da fa'idodi ga masu amfani, amma kowanne yana da takamaiman ƙalubale ko iyakancewa.
• Rotary servomotors kai tsaye suna ba da mafi kyawun aiki, amma sun fi tsada fiye da gearmotors.

Shekaru da yawa, masu amfani da servomotors sun kasance ɗayan kayan aikin gama gari a cikin akwatin kayan aikin sarrafa kansa na masana'antu. Geared sevromotors suna ba da matsayi, daidaita saurin gudu, camming na lantarki, iska, tashin hankali, ƙara ƙara aikace-aikace da dacewa daidai da ƙarfin servomotor zuwa kaya. Wannan ya haifar da tambaya: shin servomotor mai kayan aiki shine mafi kyawun zaɓi don fasahar motsi na jujjuya, ko akwai mafita mafi kyau?

A cikin cikakkiyar duniya, tsarin jujjuyawar servo zai sami karfin juyi da ƙimar saurin gudu waɗanda suka dace da aikace-aikacen don haka motar ba ta da girma kuma ba ta da girma. Haɗin mota, abubuwan watsawa, da kaya yakamata su kasance da taurin kai mara iyaka da koma baya. Abin takaici, tsarin jujjuyawar servo na duniya na ainihi ya gaza ga wannan manufa zuwa digiri daban-daban.

A cikin tsarin servo na yau da kullun, an bayyana koma baya azaman asarar motsi tsakanin motar da kaya da ke haifar da jurewar injiniyoyi na abubuwan watsawa; wannan ya haɗa da duk wani asarar motsi a cikin akwatunan gear, bel, sarƙoƙi, da haɗin haɗin gwiwa. Lokacin da aka fara kunna na'ura, nauyin zai yi iyo a wani wuri a tsakiyar jurewar injin (Hoto 1A).

Kafin mashin ɗin ya motsa da kansa, motar dole ne ta juya don ɗaukar duk abin da ke cikin abubuwan watsawa (Hoto 1B). Lokacin da motar ta fara raguwa a ƙarshen motsi, matsayi mai nauyi na iya haƙiƙa ya wuce matsayin motar yayin da motsi yana ɗaukar nauyin fiye da matsayin motar.

Dole ne motar ta sake ɗaukar lallausan a gaban gaba kafin yin amfani da juzu'i ga kaya don rage shi (Hoto 1C). Wannan asarar motsi ana kiranta da baya, kuma yawanci ana auna shi a cikin mintuna-kwana, daidai da 1/60th na digiri. Akwatunan gear da aka ƙera don amfani tare da servos a aikace-aikacen masana'antu galibi suna da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun koma baya daga 3 zuwa 9 arc-mintuna.

Ƙunƙarar ƙwanƙwasa ita ce juriya ga jujjuya shingen motar, abubuwan watsawa, da kaya don mayar da martani ga aikace-aikacen juzu'i. Tsarin tsauri mara iyaka zai watsa juzu'i zuwa kaya ba tare da jujjuyawar kusurwa ba game da axis na juyawa; duk da haka, ko da m karfe shaft zai karkata kadan a karkashin nauyi nauyi. Girman jujjuyawar ya bambanta tare da jujjuyawar da aka yi amfani da su, kayan abubuwan watsawa, da siffar su; a hankali, dogayen sassa na bakin ciki za su karkata fiye da gajere, masu kiba. Wannan juriya ga jujjuyawar ita ce ke sa magudanar ruwa ta yi aiki, yayin da matsawar bazara ke karkatar da kowane juyi na waya dan kadan; waya mai ƙiba yana sa maɓuɓɓugar ruwa mai ƙarfi. Duk wani abu da ke ƙasa da ƙaƙƙarfan juzu'i mara iyaka yana haifar da tsarin yin aiki azaman bazara, ma'ana za a adana makamashi mai ƙarfi a cikin tsarin yayin da nauyin ya ƙi juyawa.

Lokacin da aka haɗa tare, ƙayyadaddun taurin juzu'i da koma baya na iya ƙasƙantar da aikin tsarin servo. Koma baya na iya gabatar da rashin tabbas, kamar yadda mai rikodin motar ke nuna matsayin rafin motar, ba inda koma baya ya bar kaya ya daidaita ba. Backlash kuma yana gabatar da batutuwan daidaitawa azaman nauyin ma'aurata da ma'aurata daga motar a taƙaice lokacin da kaya da motar ke juyar da alkiblar dangi. Baya ga koma baya, ƙayyadaddun taurin kai mai iyaka yana adana kuzari ta hanyar canza wasu makamashin motsa jiki da lodi zuwa makamashi mai yuwuwa, yana sakewa daga baya. Wannan jinkirin sakin makamashi yana haifar da jujjuyawar lodi, yana haifar da resonance, yana rage matsakaicin ribar daidaitawa da ake amfani da shi kuma yana yin mummunan tasiri ga amsawa da daidaita lokacin tsarin servo. A duk lokuta, rage koma baya da kuma ƙara taurin tsarin zai ƙara aikin servo da sauƙaƙe kunnawa.

Juya axis servomotor saituna

Tsarin axis na jujjuya na yau da kullun shine servomotor mai jujjuya tare da ginanniyar encoder don amsa matsayi da akwatin gear don dacewa da ƙarfin da ake samu da saurin injin zuwa ƙarfin da ake buƙata da saurin kaya. Akwatin gear shine na'urar wutar lantarki akai-akai wacce ita ce analog ɗin injina na mai canzawa don daidaita kaya.

Ingantattun saitin kayan aiki yana amfani da servomotor mai juyawa kai tsaye, wanda ke kawar da abubuwan watsawa ta hanyar haɗa kaya kai tsaye zuwa motar. Ganin cewa saitin gearmotor yana amfani da haɗin kai zuwa ƙaramin ɗan ƙaramin diamita, tsarin tuƙi kai tsaye yana toshe kaya kai tsaye zuwa mafi girman firam ɗin rotor. Wannan saitin yana kawar da koma baya kuma yana ƙara taurin torsional sosai. Ƙididdiga mafi girma na sandar sanda da babban jujjuyawar juzu'i na injunan tuƙi kai tsaye sun dace da karfin juyi da halayen saurin gearmotor tare da rabo na 10:1 ko mafi girma.